Ngaba uMkhuseli Wokugquma Uya Kusebenza Ngaphandle Komhlaba?

Intshayelelo

Ukususela kwiminyaka emininzi sisebenza nabasebenzisi be-surge protector, sibonile ukuba abantu abaninzi badidekile malunga nokufaka i-grounding. Umbuzo omnye esiwuvayo rhoqo ngulo: “Ngaba isixhobo sokukhusela ukuvuza siya kusasebenza ukuba akukho mhlaba?” "Abantu abaninzi baye beva into efana nale, "Udinga isiseko ukuze isebenze kakuhle."

Kwaye xa sithetha ngobuchwephesha, yinyani leyo. Kodwa xa sicinga ngayo kwicala lomsebenzisi, kulula ukubona ukuba kutheni oku kunokudida. Umhlaba udla ngokwenziwa ngoosombane ngexesha lokufakelwa, kwaye uninzi lwabantu aluqinisekanga ukuba iindawo zabo zokufaka umbane ziphantsi komhlaba ngokwenene—okanye nokuba kuthetha ukuthini umhlaba. Ngaphezu koko, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo zokukhusela ukuxhuzula—ezifana nezo zixhonywe eludongeni, ii-power strips, okanye iimodeli ezixhonywe kwiipaneli—zineendlela ezahlukeneyo zokunxibelelana nomhlaba. 

Ngoko ke, ngaba isixhobo sokukhusela i-surge kufuneka sibekwe phantsi ukuze sikhusele izixhobo zakho? Okanye ngaba isenokunceda nangona kungekho qhagamshelo lomhlaba? 

Kule nqaku, siza kuwuchaza lo mbuzo ngokulula size sichaze ukuba kutheni kubalulekile ukusebenzisa i-surge protector xa kufikwa ekusebenziseni i-surge protector. 

Isebenza njani i-Surge Protector?

Isixhobo sokukhusela i-surge sisebenza ngokubona i-voltage engaphezulu size siyikhuphe kwangoko kwizixhobo zakho ezifakwe kwi-plug-in. Sikwenza oku ngokuthumela i-surge eyingozi nge-Metal Oxide Varistor (MOV) kwi-ground wire, ehambisa amandla ngokukhuselekileyo emhlabeni. Le nkqubo yonke yenzeka kwi-nanoseconds, ikhusela i-electronics yakho ekonakaleni.

                                                                                         

                           Uhlobo lwesi-2 loMkhuseli wokunyuka kwe-LKX-C20-385/1+1

Entliziyweni yayo, isithinteli sokunyuka esisisiseko sinento ebizwa ngokuba yiMetal Oxide Varistor, okanye iMOV. I-MOV luhlobo lwevalvu evakalelwa kuxinzelelo lombane. Phantsi kweemeko zevolthi eziqhelekileyo, ayenzi nto. Ihlala apho nje. Kodwa xa ibona ivolthi ephezulu kakhulu—njengokutshayiswa ngumbane okanye iswitshi yegridi yamandla—iyakhawuleza isebenze.

I-MOV ibonelela ngendlela engenakuphikiswa kangako kuloo mandla agqithisileyo. Kodwa ukuze loo ndlela isebenze, ifuna indawo eya kuyo. Kulapho ucingo lomhlaba lubaluleke kakhulu khona. Ukunyuka okuyingozi kudlula kwi-MOV kuze kungene ngqo kucingo lomhlaba, olusasaza amandla ngokukhuselekileyo emhlabeni. Ngaphandle komhlaba, i-MOV ayinandawo yokuthumela ukunyuka. Amandla awanakho ukuphuncuka, ngoko ke aqhubeka nje aye kwiTV yakho ebizayo, kwikhompyutha, okanye kwifriji, eqhotsa iisekethe zayo ezithambileyo.

Cinga ngayo njengesikhukhula endlwini yakho. Ukunyuka kwamanzi ngamanzi anyukayo. I-MOV yimpompo enamandla. Kodwa ipompo ayisebenzi ukuba ayinayo ipayipi yokukhupha amanzi ngaphandle. Ucingo oluphantsi komhlaba yiloo mbhobho. Akukho mbhobho? Amanzi ahlala endlwini yakho, ebangela umonakalo omkhulu.

Yeyiphi indima ebalulekileyo edlalwa yi-Ground Wire kwi-Surge Protector?

Ucingo oluphantsi komhlaba lolona candelo libalulekileyo kwinkqubo yonke yokukhusela ukuvuza kwamanzi. Luyindlela yokuphuma. Umsebenzi walo asikokuphatha umbane ngexesha lokusebenza okuqhelekileyo. Umsebenzi walo kuphela kukulungela imeko engxamisekileyo, ukubonelela ngendlela ekhuselekileyo nezinikeleyo yombane oyingozi ukuba uhambe ngqo emhlabeni, apho ungabi nabungozi khona.

Ukuba le ntambo ayikho, yaphukile, okanye iqhagamshelwe kwindawo yokumisa umhlaba embi, inkqubo iyasilela ngokupheleleyo. Isithinteli sokuhamba kwamanzi sisenokungabikho apho. Abantu abaninzi abaqondi ukuba ukukhanya okuncinci kumtya wabo wamandla okuthi "kukhuselwe" kudla ngokubonisa kuphela ukuba umbane uyahamba, kungekhona ukuba umhlaba uqhagamshelwe kwaye uyasebenza. Oku kunika uluvo lokhuseleko olungeyonyani. Intambo yomhlaba ngumkhuseli ongathethiyo; ayenzi nto ide igcine yonke into.

Ngaba Zonke Iinkonzo Zokukhusela Ukunyuka Zisekelwe Kwisiseko?

Ndibone ii-power strips ezininzi ezingabizi kakhulu evenkileni. Uninzi lwazo alunjalo njengoko zibonakala, kwaye lo ngumahluko ophambili.

Hayi, ayizizo zonke izixhobo ezibonakala ngathi zizikhuseli zokugquma ezisekelwe phantsi. Uninzi lwazo zizixhobo zamandla ezilula okanye iintambo zolwandiso ezingenazo izinto zokukhusela ukugquma. Kwanaphakathi kwezo zikhusela ukugquma ngokwenene, amandla azo okusebenza axhomekeke ngokupheleleyo ekufakweni kwiplagi yombane esekwe phantsi ngokufanelekileyo. Ngaphandle komhlaba, azinazo naziphi na izikhuseli.

Le yingongoma enkulu ebangela ukudideka. Intambo yombane yintambo yokwandisa eneendawo ezininzi zokukhupha. Yongeza lula kodwa ayinalo ukhuseleko. Isixhobo sokukhusela i-surge yintambo yombanekwakhonaiqulethe izinto zangaphakathi (ezifana ne-MOV) ezenzelwe ukuguqula ukushukuma. Ngokwesiqhelo ungamchonga umkhuseli wokwenyani wokushukuma nge-**joules rating**—inani elibonisa amandla alo okufunxa amandla—elifanele libhalwe ngokucacileyo kwiphakheji.

Nangona kunjalo, kwaye le yeyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo, izinto zangaphakathi ze-surge protector azinamsebenzi ukuba i-outlet efakwe kuyo ayinamhlaba ufanelekileyo. Esi sixhobo ngokwaso sisenokuba "siqinile" kuyilo, kodwa umsebenzi waso uxhomekeke kwiintambo zesakhiwo sakho. Oku kuthetha ukuba ungathenga i-surge protector esemgangathweni ophezulu, kodwa ukuba uyifake kwi-outlet endala, engenamhlaba, iba yinto engaphezulu nje kwe-power strip ebiza kakhulu. Soloko ujonga i-outlet kuqala.

Iingozi kunye neenkxalabo zoKhuseleko zokusebenzisa ii-Surge Protectors Ungrounded

Ukufaka i-surge protector kwindawo engenamhlaba kufana nokunxiba iparashuti engadibaniyo nomqolo wakho. Ijongeka ilungile, kodwa iya kusilela xa uyidinga kakhulu.

Ukusebenzisa isithinteli sokunyuka ngaphandle komhlaba kuyingozi kakhulu. Kudala ingozi enkulu yomlilo kwaye akuniki khuseleko kwizixhobo zakho ezixhunyiweyo. I-voltage engaphezulu evela kwi-power surge ayinandlela ikhuselekileyo yokuphuma, ngoko ke iya kugquma kwaye itshabalalise izixhobo zakho ze-elektroniki. Ikwabeka umngcipheko omkhulu wokubanjwa ngumbane kuye nabani na okufutshane.

Umngcipheko oyintloko kukusilela kwezixhobo ngokupheleleyo. Ngexesha lokunyuka kwamandla, amandla kufuneka aye ndaweni ithile. Ngaphandle kocingo lomhlaba, indlela ekuphela kwayo ekhoyo kukudlula kwizixhobo zakho. Oku kunokutshabalalisa ngoko nangoko iibhodi zesekethe, ii-hard drive, kunye nezikrini. Ilahleko yemali inokuba nkulu.

Ngaphezu koko, sisifo esiyingozi kakhulu somlilo. Amandla ombane avalelekileyo angazifudumeza kakhulu iingcingo, anyibilikise i-insulation, aze atshise izinto ezingqongileyo. Isithinteli sokushushu ngamandla ngokwaso singashushu kakhulu size sibambe umlilo. Kukwakho nomngcipheko omkhulu wokutshayiswa ngumbane. Ukuba ukushushu ngamandla kubangela ukuba ingcingo ephilayo ichukumise ikesi yesinyithi yesixhobo, ikesi inokuba namandla. Ngaphandle komhlaba wokuwisa i-circuit breaker, umntu olandelayo ochukumisa eso sixhobo unokufumana umothuko obulalayo.

Kuthetha ukuthini ukuthi "ukungaxhonywanga" kwi-Surge Protector?

Oku kuthetha ukuba indawo ofake kuyo i-surge protector ayinayo kwaphela i-ground wire. Oku kuqhelekile kumakhaya amadala kakhulu ane-two prong solders. I-surge protector ine-ground pin kwiplagi yayo, kodwa ayinanto yokuqhagamshela ngaphakathi kodonga. I-protection circuit ayisebenzi ngokupheleleyo.

Kuthetha ukuthini "iNdawo evulekileyo" kwi-Surge Protector?

"Umhlaba ovulekileyo" uthetha ukuba ucingo lomhlaba lukhona kwinkqubo yombane, kodwa kukho ukuqhekeka okanye ukuqhawuka kwenye indawo phakathi kwendawo yokuphuma kunye nendawo yokugqibela yokumisa umhlaba (njengentonga yokumisa umhlaba). Oku kuyingozi kuba indawo yokuphuma isenokubavelaukuba ibekwe phantsi, kodwa indlela yonakele, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ingabi namsebenzi ekukhuselekeni.

Kuthetha ukuthini "Umhlaba Ombi" kwi-Surge Protector?

"Umhlaba ombi" uthetha ukuba kukho uqhagamshelo lomhlaba kodwa alusebenzi. Oku kusenokuba ngenxa yokugqwala, uqhagamshelo olukhululekileyo, okanye intonga yomhlaba efakwe kumhlaba owomileyo nonesanti ongawuphathi kakuhle umbane. Umhlaba ombi usenokusebenza kancinci okanye ungasebenzi kwaphela ngexesha lokunyuka kombane, nto leyo enika ukhuseleko olungathembekanga.

Isikhumbuzo Esibalulekileyo: Umgangatho Womhlaba Uchaphazela Ukhuseleko Lwenkqubo

Akwanelanga ukuba nocingo lomhlaba; umgangatho waloo mhlaba ubaluleke kakhulu. Umhlaba obuthathaka okanye oxhathisayo kakhulu awuyi kukwazi ukumelana nokunyuka okukhulu ngokukhawuleza. Amandla asenokufumana indlela kwizixhobo zakho. Iingcali zombane zingavavanya umgangatho womhlaba ukuqinisekisa ukuba uyahlangabezana nemigangatho yokhuseleko.

Indlela yokujonga nokuqinisekisa ukuba isiseko se-Surge Protector sisemgangathweni ofanelekileyo

Musa ukuqikelela ngokhuseleko lwakho. Ukujonga isiseko sendlu yakho yinkqubo elula enokukusindisa kwintlekele.

Ungajonga isiseko seplatifomu yakho ngesixhobo sokuvavanya iplatifomu esingabizi kakhulu, esifumaneka nakweyiphi na ivenkile yezixhobo. Faka nje isixhobo sokuvavanya kwiplatifomu eludongeni, kwaye siya kusebenzisa indibaniselwano yezibane ukubonisa ngokucacileyo ukuba iplatifomu isekelwe ngokufanelekileyo, ayigutyungelwanga, okanye inesinye isiphene socingo njengomhlaba ovulekileyo.

Isixhobo sokuvavanya i-outlet sisixhobo esincinci nesilula esinezibane ezintathu. Ngokufunda indibaniselwano yezibane ezikhanyisiweyo, ungafumanisa imeko ye-outlet yakho. Yeyona ndlela ilula nethembekileyo yokuba umntu ongengomchwephesha ajonge ukhuseleko. Umzekelo, izibane ezimbini ezithile ezikhanyisiweyo zinokuthetha "ichanekile," ngelixa indibaniselwano eyahlukileyo ithetha "umhlaba ovulekileyo." Itshathi ekwisixhobo ichaza izibane zakho.

Ukuba umvavanyi wakho ubonisa impazamo, kufuneka uyeke ukusebenzisa loo sokhethi ngoko nangoko kwaye uqhagamshelane nosombane onelayisenisi ukuze ahlole aze alungise iingcingo zakho. Musa ukuzityeshela ezi zilumkiso. Kwizikhuseli zokushushubeza zendlu yonke ezifakwe kwiphaneli yakho yombane, ukumiswa komhlaba kubaluleke ngakumbi kwaye kufuneka kuqinisekiswe yingcali ngexesha lokufakwa.

Izikhuseli ze-DIN Rail Surge (Uhlobo 1 kunye nohlobo 2)

Ezi zizixhobo zodidi oluphezulu ezifakwe kwiphaneli yakho ephambili yenkonzo yombane. Zikhusela indlu yakho yonke. Ukufakelwa kwazo akungomsebenzi we-DIY. Ingcali yombane eqeqeshiweyo kufuneka izifake, kwaye iya kuqinisekisa ukuba uqhagamshelo lwenziwa kwibha yebhasi yomhlaba yephaneli, eqhagamshelwe (okanye ekufanele ukuba) iqhagamshelwe ngokufanelekileyo kwinkqubo ye-electrode yomhlaba yekhaya lakho. Ingcali yombane iya kuqinisekisa ukuba yonke indlela ilungile.

Izikhuseli zokunyuka kwePower Strip / Wall Plug

Ezi zizixhobo zabathengi ozifakela kwi-outlet yodonga. Ukhuseleko lwazo luxhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kuloo outlet. Sebenzisa isixhobo sokuvavanya i-outlet kwi-outlet yodonga ngaphambi kokuba ufake i-surge protector yakho. Uninzi lwezixhobo zokukhusela i-surge ezingcono zikwanaso nesibane sesilumkiso esikhanyisayo ukuba zifumanisa ingxaki yentambo, njengomhlaba olahlekileyo.

Indlela Yokumisa Isixhobo Sokukhusela Ukunyuka Ngokufanelekileyo

Awunakongeza "umhlaba" kwisithinteli sokushushuluza ngokwaso. Umhlaba kufuneka uvele kwinkqubo yombane eqhagamshelwe kuyo.

Awunakuyigaya i-surge protector yodwa; kufuneka ixhunywe kwi-outlet yombane esele isekelwe. Eyona ndlela ikuphela kwayo yokugaya i-surge protector kukufumana ingcali yombane enelayisenisi ukuba ihlaziye iingcingo zombane zekhaya lakho ukuze zifake inkqubo esekwe phantsi, iqinisekise ukuba zonke ii-outlet zinendlela eqhubekayo yokubuyela kwiphaneli ephambili kunye nentonga yokumisa phantsi.

Isithinteli sokushushuluza sisixhobo nje esisebenzisa umhlaba obonelelwe sisakhiwo sakho. Ukuba ikhaya lakho lineendawo zokutsala ezinamazinyo amabini ezivulwe emhlabeni, uneendlela ezimbalwa onokukhetha kuzo, kodwa inye kuphela ekhuselekileyo ngokwenene:

1. Hlaziya iWire yeKhaya Lakho (Olona khetho lubalaseleyo):Qesha ingcali yombane ukuba isebenzise iintambo ezintsha eziquka ucingo oluphantsi komhlaba kwiindawo zakho zokufaka. Le yindlela ekuphela kwayo yokufumana ulwelo oluchanekileyo, olukhuselekileyo, noluhambelana nemithetho.

2. I-Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI) Outlet (Ukuphuculwa koKhuseleko, Hayi iGround):Ingcali yombane inokutshintsha indawo yokukhupha amanzi engagutyungelwanga nge-GFCI outlet. Oku akuniki mhlaba wokukhusela ukuvuza kwamanzi, kodwa kuya kukhusela umbane ngokuvala umbane ukuba kukho impazamo efunyenweyo. Luphuculo oluhle lokhuseleko kodwa aluncedi ukuba i-surge protector yakho isebenze.

3. Musa Ukusebenzisa Iplagi "Yokukhohlisa":Le yi-adaptha ekuvumela ukuba ufake iplagi enama-prong amathathu kwiplagi enama-prong amabini. Ine-tab encinci yesinyithi ekufanele ukuba incamathiselwe kwi-screw yesigqubuthelo seplagi, engengomhlaba wokwenyani. Oku kuyingozi kakhulu kwaye akuniki mhlaba usebenzayo wokuntywila. Ayizithinteli iimpawu zokhuseleko kwaye idala ingozi enkulu.

Ndikhangela Iqela leeNgcali zeZixhobo eziKhuselekileyo zokuSuka — Umvelisi weLeikexing

Kwizakhiwo ezinkulu, iifektri, okanye amaziko edatha, iintambo zombane ezisebenza ngaphandle kweshelufu azanele. Udinga inkqubo edibeneyo.

Ukuze ufumane ukhuseleko olupheleleyo, udinga iqela leengcali eliyila kwaye libonelele ngenkqubo yokukhusela ukugqobhoza kweenjini ezahlukeneyo. Oku kuquka izixhobo zohlobo 1 (ii-lightning current arresters) kunye nezixhobo zohlobo 2 (izixhobo zokukhusela ukugqobhoza kweenjini) ezisebenzisanayo ukujika ukugqobhoza kweenjini emnyango wenkonzo nangaphakathi kwesakhiwo sakho, zonke zinobukhulu obufanelekileyo kwaye zisekelwe phantsi ukuze kubekho ukhuseleko oluphezulu.

Ukhuseleko lokugquma kwesakhiwo sonke luyisayensi. Lubandakanya ukufaka izixhobo kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo:

• Uhlobo lwe-1 lwe-SPDszifakelwe kumnyango omkhulu wenkonzo ukuze zikwazi ukumelana namandla amakhulu avela ekubetheni kombane ngokuthe ngqo okanye kufutshane.

• Uhlobo lwe-2 SPDszifakelwe kwiipaneli ezincinci ukukhusela kwiintshukumo ezincinci zangaphakathi kunye neentshukumo ezidlula umgca wokuqala wokhuselo.

• Uhlobo lwe-3 SPDszizixhobo zokusetyenziswa (ezifana neentambo zombane) zokukhusela izixhobo ezithile.

Umenzi ochwephesha njengoLeikexing akathengisi nje kuphela iimveliso; sinikezela ngenkxaso yobunjineli. Iqela lethu likunceda uyile inkqubo eyenzelwe ulwakhiwo oluthile lwesakhiwo sakho, inkqubo yombane, kunye neprofayili yomngcipheko. Siqinisekisa ukuba zonke izixhobo zilungelelaniswe ngokufanelekileyo kwaye, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, ukuba yonke inkqubo iqhagamshelwe kwinkqubo eqinileyo, engaxhathisi kakhulu. Le ndlela ipheleleyo yeyona ndlela yokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lokwenyani kwimisebenzi emikhulu yezorhwebo neyemizi-mveliso.

Imibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo

Ngaba Ungayifaka I-Grounding Mat Kwi-Surge Protector?

Hayi, akufuneki ufake imathi yokumisa umhlaba kwisithinteli sokumisa umhlaba. Iimathi zokumisa umhlaba zenzelwe ukudityaniswa ngqo kwindawo yokuphuma okanye kwindawo efanelekileyo yomhlaba. Ukuzifaka kwisithinteli sokumisa umhlaba kunokuphazamisana nomsebenzi wazo kwaye akukhuthazwa ngabavelisi. Zifuna uqhagamshelo olucocekileyo lomhlaba.

“Ixhunyiwe, Ngoko Ndikhuselekile!” — Ngaba Yinyani Leyo?

Hayi suka. Le yingcinga eyingozi. Ukuxhunywa akufani nokukhuselwa. Ukuba isikhuseli se-surge sixhunyelwe kwindawo engenamhlaba, okanye ukuba izinto zaso zokukhusela zonakaliswe kukuxhuzula okuncinci kwangaphambili (yiyo loo nto i-joule rating), asiniki khuselo. Ukukhanya "okukhuselweyo" kudla ngokuthetha kuphela ukuba kunamandla.

Ngaba i-Grounded Outlet okanye i-Power Strip iyafana ne-Surge Protector?

Hayi, ezi zizinto ezahlukeneyo.iplagi esezantsiluphawu lokhuseleko olubonelela ngendlela yombane olahlekileyo ukuthintela ukutshatyalaliswa.umcu wamandlayintambo yokwandisa eneendawo ezininzi zokukhupha.umkhuseli wokuxhathisasisixhobo esinezixhobo zombane zokuthintela ukutyibilika kwe-voltage. Isithinteli sokunyuka kwe-surgeifunaindawo yokusebenza esemgangathweni.

Zonke Iindlu Ezintsha Zixhonywe Ngombane Ngokuzenzekelayo?

Kumazwe amaninzi, iikhowudi zombane zanamhlanje bezifuna iindawo zokufaka umbane ezisekelwe kwisiseko somhlaba ekwakhiweni kwezindlu ezintsha kangangeminyaka emininzi. Nangona kunjalo, umgangatho kunye nokuhambelana nofakelo kunokwahluka. Kusoloko kuyinto elungileyo ukusebenzisa isixhobo sokuvavanya indawo yokukhupha umbane ukuqinisekisa ukuba iindawo zokufaka umbane ezintsha zineentambo kwaye zisekelwe kwisiseko somhlaba ngokuchanekileyo.

Ungaqinisekisa njani ukuba izixhobo zakho ze-elektroniki zikhuselekile ukuba ikhaya lakho alinamhlaba oqinileyo?

Ukuba ukuphinda ufake iingcingo kwakhona akuyondlela ikhawulezayo, ungasebenzisa ii-Uninterruptible Power Supplies (UPS) ezinokhuselo lwe-surge olwakhelwe ngaphakathi olungaxhomekekanga kuphela kwi-ground wire. Iiyunithi ezininzi ze-UPS ezisemgangathweni zisebenzisa iindlela zokucoca kunye nezinye iindlela zokuthintela i-surges. Nangona kunjalo, ukuze ufumane ukhuseleko olungcono, ukuphucula iingcingo zekhaya lakho sisisombululo esiphezulu.

Isiphelo

Isithinteli sokugaleleka kwamanzi asisebenzi ngaphandle komhlaba olungileyo. Soloko uqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo yakho yombane isekelwe kakuhle ukuze ukhuseleke ngokwenene.