Ungayikhetha njani i-Coreal Phase Three Surge Protection?

Ndakha ndalahlekelwa yibhodi ye-CNC ye-$40,000 kuba ndingazange ndiyifumane i-SPD ye-$200. Loo ntlungu yandifundisa indlela yokukhetha eyona ifanelekileyo.

Ndikhetha i-SPD yesigaba esithathu ngokujonga izatifikethi zayo ze-Uc, In, Imax, Iimp, Up, housing, kunye neziqinisekiso. Le yunithi kufuneka ihambelane ne-voltage yenkqubo yam, iphathe ukunyuka kwam okubi kakhulu, kwaye ilingane nephaneli yam.

Qhubeka ufunda kwaye ndiza kukubonisa uluhlu oluchanekileyo endilunika wonke umthengi ocela isaphulelo kum.

Yintoni uMkhuseli woKhuphuko lweSigaba sesithathu?

Ndithumela amawaka ezi bhokisi inyanga nenyanga, kodwa uninzi lwabathengi lusandibuza ukuba kukho ntoni ngaphakathi.

I-surge protector yesigaba sesithathu yibhokisi yesinyithi equlethe ii-varistor ze-metal-oxide kunye neetyhubhu zegesi. Ihambisa i-voltage eyongezelelweyo emhlabeni ukuze i-surge ingafikeleli kwiimoto zam, ii-drive, okanye ii-PLC.

Indlela endizibiza ngayo iindawo ezingaphakathi

Ndivula enye yeeyunithi zethu zeLeikexing ebhentshini yam. Uza kubona ii-varistor ezintathu okanye ezine ezidityaniswe phakathi kwe-L1-L2, L2-L3, L3-L1, kunye nomgca ngamnye oya emhlabeni. I-fuse encinci yobushushu ihlala kwidiski nganye ye-varistor. Ukuba idiski ishushu kakhulu, i-fuse iyavuleka kwaye kuvela iflegi ebomvu. Le flegi indinika uphawu olubonakalayo olukhawulezayo lokuhamba/ukungahambi xa ndihamba kumqolo wephaneli.

Kutheni ndikhetha imo ye-3+1 kwizityalo ezininzi

Umthengi wam waseJamani usebenzisa iinethiwekhi ze-400 V TN-S. U-odola imo ye-3+1: ii-varistors ezintathu ze-line-to-line kunye nenye ye-N-PE. Le mo indenza ndikhuseleke ngokulinganayo kwi-phase kunye ne-neutral. Ukuba bendisebenzisa imo ye-3 kuphela, i-neutral-to-earth surge isenokuyibetha i-PLC yakhe. Ixabiso elongezelelweyo le-$8 liphantsi kuneyure enye yokungasebenzi.

Indlela endiyifunda ngayo ilebheli kwimizuzwana elishumi

Ndifundisa abathengi ukuba bafunde ilebheli ijonge ezantsi ngelixa iyunithi isesebhokisini. Khangela la manani mahlanu:

Ukuba kukho inombolo engekhoyo, ndicela umthengisi ukuba andinike iphepha lovavanyo. Akukho phepha, akukho kuthengwa.

Isixhobo sokukhusela ukugquma esinamanqanaba amathathu sisebenza njani?

Ndisakhumbula okokuqala xa ndibona i-40 kA inyuka kwi-oscilloscope. Umgca we-voltage wawunyuka njengerokethi.

I-SPD yam yesigaba sesithathu isebenza njengeswitshi ekhawulezayo. Xa i-voltage yomgca inyuka ngaphezulu kwenqanaba layo le-clamp, ukumelana kwe-varistor kuyehla ukusuka kwi-mega-ohms ukuya kwi-ohms kwimizuzwana emincinci. Iyanciphisa ukunyuka komhlaba kwaye iqalise kwakhona xa i-voltage ibuyela kwisiqhelo.

Igophe le-clamp endilizobayo kubathengi

Ndizoba umgca olula ebhodini elimhlophe. Ngasekhohlo yi-230 V RMS; ngasekunene yi-1 kV. Ndizoba i-flat top kwi-700 V. Loo mgca uthe tyaba yi-Up, okanye i-let-through voltage. Nantoni na engaphezulu kwaloo mgca iyatsha kwi-varistor, kungekhona kwi-drive yakho. Ndithi kubathengi: “I-drive yakho ibona kuphela oko kungaphantsi kwaloo mgca uthe tyaba.”

Kutheni isantya sibetha ubungakanani

I-varistor enkulu ingadinga amandla amaninzi, kodwa ikwacotha. Ndivavanya iiyunithi ezimbini ecaleni: idiski engama-40 mm kunye nediski engama-34 mm. Iyunithi encinci ibamba i-50 V ngaphantsi kuba iilead zayo zimfutshane. Kwii-servo drives ndisoloko ndikhetha idiski encinci, ekhawulezayo nokuba ibiza ngaphezulu nge-5%. Ixesha lokungasebenzi eligciniweyo liyabuya ngeveki enye.

Apho ndibeka khona iqhina lomhlaba

Ndakhe ndatyelela indawo yase-UK eyayiqhubeka nokuvuthela ii-SPD. Umfaki wayesebenzise ucingo lomhlaba oluyi-10 m ukuya kwibha ephambili. Ukungena kwentambo kongeze i-600 V kwi-voltage evumela umbane ukuba ungene. Ndithuthele umhlaba we-SPD kwibha yobhedu yendawo engama-50 mm² ecaleni kwephaneli. Isiganeko esilandelayo sokunyuka kwe-surge sashiya iidrives zingachukunyiswanga. Umgama ukuya emhlabeni ubaluleke ngaphezu kwegama lophawu.

Ukusetyenziswa kwezikhuseli zotyando lwemizi-mveliso zesigaba esi-3

Ndingene kwisityalo sokutya saseFransi kwinyanga ephelileyo. Zonke iimoto zokuthutha impahla zazingasebenzi emva kwesiphango. Babengazisebenzisi ii-SPDs kwi-MCC feeder.

Ndifaka ii-SPD zesigaba esithathu kwi-feeders eziphambili, ii-sub-panel, nakwi-machine. Iyunithi ephambili ithatha i-80% yamandla, iyunithi ye-sub-panel ithatha i-15%, kwaye iyunithi yendawo igcina i-PLC. Le cascade igcina umgca wam usebenza iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku, iintsuku ezisixhenxe ngeveki.

Iileya ezintathu endizizobayo kwiprojekthi nganye

Ixabiso lilonke lomgca we-500 kW lingaphantsi kwe-$400. I-VFD enye eqhotsiweyo ixabisa i-$3,200. I-ROI yi-8:1 nokuba i-surge enye kuphela eyenzeka ngonyaka.

Kutheni ndingaze ndidibanise i-SPD kunye ne-VFD kwibhokisi enye?

Ubushushu bubulala. I-VFD isebenza kuma-60 °C ngaphakathi. I-SPD inciphisa i-1% kwi-1 °C nganye engaphezulu kwama-40 °C. Ukuba ndifaka i-SPD ngaphakathi kwebhokisi ye-VFD, umlinganiselo wayo we-40 kA uyehla uye kuma-25 kA. Ndiyifaka eludongeni lwasekhohlo olungaphandle, olunesithuba somoya ocacileyo esingama-200 mm. Le yunithi ihlala ipholile kwaye ndisadibana ne-IP54 enekhanophi encinci.

Indlela endiphatha ngayo amandla elanga kwisityalo esinye

Indawo efanayo yaseFransi ine-200 kW yelanga eluphahleni. I-inverter ibuyela kwibhodi efanayo ephambili. Iintambo zelanga zinokutya emva komoya. Ndongeza i-DC SPD kwi-string combiner kunye ne-AC SPD kwi-inverter output. Zombini iiyunithi zabelana nge-earth bar efanayo ne-SPD ephambili. Umhlaba omnye, inqanaba elinye le-clamp, akukho zingxabano.

Umgaqo-nkqubo woMkhuseli woKhuthazo lweSigaba esi-3

Ndiyakuthanda ukuqhekeza idiski ye-varistor ngesando emva kokuba yenze umsebenzi wayo. Ngaphakathi ubona isanti emnyama yeseramikhi. Loo santi yiqhawe.

I-SPD yam yesigaba esithathu isebenza ngokwahlulwa kwe-voltage. Phantsi kwe-400 V eqhelekileyo, i-varistor isebenza njengeswitshi evulekileyo. Xa i-surge iphakamisa nawuphi na umgca ngaphezu kwe-700 V, i-varistor iyabamba kwaye yahlule amandla e-surge phakathi kwendlela ye-line-earth kunye ne-line-neutral. Emva kwe-surge, ibuyela kumandla aphezulu kwaye ilinde i-hit elandelayo.

Ixesha le-nano-second endiliprintela abathengi

Ndiyinamathisela le phepha ngaphakathi kocango lwephaneli. Iingcali zombane ziyayithanda kuba ziyabona ukuba kutheni iflegi ebomvu ingaphumanga: iyunithi yaqala ukusebenza kwakhona, ngoko ke ukunyuka kwamandla kwaba kufutshane.

Kutheni ndikhetha i-275 V Uc kwiinkqubo ze-230 V

Inkqubo ye-230 V inokufikelela kwi-253 V ngemini enelanga. Ukuba ndikhetha i-275 V Uc, ndine-22 V margin. I-320 V Uc ingandinika i-67 V margin kodwa i-voltage ye-let-through inyuka nge-120 V. Ndiyayamkela i-margin eqinileyo ukuze ndifumane i-clamp esezantsi. Kwiminyaka elishumi besingenazo ii-false trips kwiiyunithi ze-275 V. Ithiyori ilungile, kodwa idatha yam yasentsimini iyaphumelela.

Indlela endiyivavanya ngayo ibhetshi ngaphambi kokuba iphume kumzi-mveliso wam

Ndakhe ilebhu yovavanyo lwe-60 kA 8/20 µs eWenzhou. Ibhetshi nganye ifumana uvavanyo lwesampulu enye. Ndiyinyusa iyunithi kathathu kwi-60 kA, ndize ndiyilinganise. Ukuba i-Up idlula ngaphezulu kwe-10%, ndiyayilahla ibhetshi. Abathengi bafumana ingxelo yovavanyo nge-imeyile ngaphambi kokuba isitya siphume edokini. Loo ngxelo yinkxaso yam.

Iimpawu ezi-4 ekufuneka uzitshintshe kwi-SPD yakho yesigaba sesithathu

Ndihambe ngenyawo e-UK kunyaka ophelileyo. Ifestile yabo ye-SPD yayimnyama, kodwa umphathi wesityalo wathi, “Isakhanya iluhlaza, ngoko ke kufuneka ukuba ilungile.” Emva kweeveki ezimbini i-oven PLC yaqhotswa.

Nditshintsha i-SPD yam yesigaba sesithathu xa ifestile ibomvu, i-thermal fuse ivuliwe, i-varistor iqhekekile, okanye iphepha lovavanyo libonisa ukunyuka okuphezulu ngaphezulu kwe-10%. Naluphi na uphawu olunye oluthetha ukuba iyunithi ayizukuthintela ukunyuka okulandelayo.

Uvavanyo olubonakalayo lwemizuzwana enye endilufundisayo

Ndicela wonke umntu osebenza ngombane ukuba enze oku: vula iphaneli, ujonge ifestile ye-SPD, uvale iphaneli. Ukuba ifestile ayiluhlaza, ubhala inombolo yethegi ye-SPD ebhodini emhlophe. Ndithumela iiyunithi ezingasetyenziswanga kwigumbi levenkile. Ukutshintsha kuthatha imizuzu emihlanu kwaye akukho zixhobo. Sikuphatha njengokutshintsha ibhalbhu yesibane.

Indlela endisebenzisa ngayo imitha yokubamba xa ndinxiba izinto ezifihlakeleyo

Ngamanye amaxesha ifestile iseluhlaza, kodwa i-varistor iyadinwa. Ndiyibopha i-earth wire ndize ndidlule umgca nge-500 V insulation tester. Ukuba umsinga womhlaba ungaphantsi kwe-0.5 mA, i-varistor iselungile. Ngaphezulu kwe-2 mA kuthetha ukuba iqalile ukuvuza. Ndibhala inombolo kwaye ndiyitshintshe iyunithi xa ndicima umbane olandelayo. Olu vavanyo luthatha imizuzu emibini kwaye lugcina umnxeba woloyiko ngentsimbi yesi-2 kusasa.

Ileyibhile yomhla endiyincamathisela kuyo yonke iyunithi

Ndiprinta ilebheli encinci enomhla wokufaka kunye nekhowudi yeQR. Ikhowudi iqhagamshela kwiphepha likaGoogle. Eli phepha libonisa umhla wokufaka, umhla wokugqibela wovavanyo, kunye nomhla olandelayo wokugqibela. Xa iyunithi ifikelela kwiminyaka emihlanu, inkqubo yam indithumelela i-imeyile. Ndithumela umyalezo kumthengi: “I-SPD yakho ngoku ineminyaka emihlanu ubudala. Ixabiso liseyi-$85. Ndingadibanisa iziqwenga ezibini kwi-odolo yakho elandelayo?” Uninzi lwabathengi lucofa u-“Phendula Ewe” ngaphantsi kwemizuzwana elishumi.

Ungazikhetha njani ii-SPD ezifanelekileyo zeSigaba eSithathu?

Ndifumana le email phantse yonke imihla: “Jason, ndinike ixabiso lakho elihle.” Ndiphendula ngemibuzo emithandathu. Xa umthengi ephendula, ndithumela ikowuteshini yomgca omnye. Isivumelwano siphela kwiyure enye.

Ndikhetha i-SPD yesigaba sesithathu efanelekileyo ngokuthelekisa amanani amahlanu kwinkqubo yam: i-voltage, i-short-circuit current, i-expected surge, i-enclosure IP, kunye noluhlu lwesatifikethi. Emva koko ndicela umthengisi iphepha lovavanyo kunye newaranti yeminyaka emihlanu. Ukuba zombini zifika ngosuku olunye, ndiyathenga.

Iphepha lokukhohlisa elinamanyathelo ama-5 endilithumela kubathengi

Ndikhuphela le migca mihlanu kwi-imeyile. Umthengisi uthi “Ewe, sidibana sonke” okanye ahlele umgca omnye. Akukho bali lide, akukho zincwadana zePDF.

Kutheni ndingaze ndifune ixabiso eliphantsi

Ndibala iindleko ezipheleleyo zobunini: ixabiso + umthwalo + umsebenzi + iindleko zam zomcimbi omnye wexesha lokungasebenzi. EJamani, ixesha lokungasebenzi kweyure enye yemoto yi-€40,000. I-€65 SPD engaphumeleliyo indibiza ixabiso eliphindwe kayi-615. Ndihlawula i-€85 ngeyunithi enengxelo ye-TUV kunye nesitokhwe sendawo. I-€20 eyongezelelweyo yi-inshurensi yam.

Indlela endingena ngayo kwisivumelwano sexabiso seminyaka emibini

Ndithi kumthengi: “Beka iiodolo ezimbini kwisikhongozeli esinye ngoku. Ndigcina ixabiso kangangeenyanga ezingama-24.” Umthengi ugcina i-$2,000 kwimpahla aze afumane isikhuselo sexabiso ekunyukeni kobhedu. Ndifaka iziqwenga ezingama-500 kwindawo yethu yokugcina impahla yaseWenzhou kunye nelebheli yakhe. Xa efowuna, ndithumela kwiiyure ezingama-48. Omabini amacala alala kakuhle.

Isiphelo

Ndilahlekelwe yimali ngenxa yokunyuka kwamandla, ngoko ke ndibhale olu luhlu lokuhlola. Lusebenzise, ​​khetha i-SPD efanelekileyo, kwaye umise i-bolt elandelayo ngaphambi kokuba ikuthintele. Ndithumelele i-imeyile ku-caroline@leikexing.com kwaye ndiza kukuthumelela isampuli yasimahla namhlanje.