Ziziphi iintlobo zezixhobo zokukhusela ezikhulayo ezikhoyo?

Ii-voltage transients azinakuphepheka kwiinkqubo zamandla zoshishino, kodwa icebo lokukhusela elingalunganga lidla ngokushiya izixhobo ezibalulekileyo zibonakala. Ndihlala ndibona ukusilela kulandelelwa emva kokukhetha ukhuseleko olungalunganga.

Izixhobo zokukhusela ezikhawulezayo Zenzelwe ukunciphisa i-overvoltage yexeshana ngokuphambukisa amandla okuphuma kwamandla kwizixhobo ezibuthathaka, ukuqinisekisa ukuba iinkqubo zombane zihlala zizinzile kwaye zisebenza.

Kweli nqaku, ndiza kuchaza indlela ezisebenza ngayo iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo zokukhusela i-surge, zeziphi iintlobo ezifanelekileyo kwizicelo zoshishino, kunye nendlela iinjineli ezifanele zikhethe ngayo isisombululo esifanelekileyo ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno zenkqubo.

Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo zokukhusela i-Surge zisebenza njani?

Ayizizo zonke ii-surges eziziphatha ngendlela efanayo, kwaye nezixhobo zokukhusela azizizo. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo zokukhusela ii-surge zisebenza ngokuphendula kumanqanaba athile amandla e-surge, ii-waveforms, kunye neendawo zokufakela ngaphakathi kwenkqubo yamandla.

Ukuqonda umsebenzi wesixhobo sokukhusela ukukhukhumala, kubalulekile ukuqala ngendlela eveliswa ngayo ukukhuphuka kwamandla. Ukubetha kombane, ukutshintsha izixhobo zokusebenza, kunye notshintsho lomthwalo wangaphakathi konke oku kunokubangela i-transient overvoltage. Izixhobo zokukhusela ukukhuphuka kwamandla (ii-SPD) zihlala zijonga i-voltage yenkqubo kwaye zihlala zingasebenzi de i-voltage idlule umda ochaziweyo.

Xa kuvela ukunyuka okukhulu, i-SPD itshintsha ngoko nangoko ukusuka kwimeko yokungathinteli okuphezulu ukuya kwindlela yokungathinteli okuphantsi, ijika amandla agqithisileyo aye emhlabeni ngokukhuselekileyo. Le nkqubo yenzeka kwimizuzwana embalwa, ithintela i-overvoltage ukuba ingafikeleli kwizixhobo ezixhunyiweyo. Nje ukuba ukunyuka okukhulu kuphele, isixhobo siqala ngokutsha ngokuzenzekelayo.

Yahlukile iintlobo zezixhobo zokukhusela ukukhukhumala Zenzelwe ukujongana nobukhulu obahlukeneyo bokukhuphuka kwamandla. Izixhobo ezinamandla aphezulu zigxila kumandla okukhupha amandla angoku, ngelixa izixhobo ezisezantsi zibeka phambili ukuchaneka kokubopha i-voltage. Le ngcamango yokukhusela eneengqimba ibalulekile kuyilo lombane lwemizi-mveliso kwaye ibhekiselwa kwimigangatho ye-IEC kunye ne-UL.

Imigaqo ephambili yokusebenza kwezixhobo zokukhusela ezikhulayo

• Ukubeka iliso rhoqo kwi-voltage

• Impendulo ekhawulezileyo kwi-overvoltage

• Ukuphambukisa amandla kwinkqubo yokumisa umhlaba

• Ukuseta kwakhona ngokuzenzekelayo emva kwesiganeko sokwanda

Oku kuchaza Zisebenza njani izixhobo zokukhusela i-surge ze-SPD kuzo zombini iinkqubo ze-AC kunye ne-DC.

Izinto ezingundoqo ngaphakathi kwi-SPDs

• Ii-Metal Oxide Varistors (ii-MOV)

• Iityhubhu zokukhupha igesi (iiGDT)

• Iindlela zokukhupha ubushushu

• Izikhombisi zesimo

Icandelo ngalinye linceda ekuthinteleni ukuqhekeka okuthembekileyo.

Kutheni Uhlobo Lwesixhobo Luchaphazela Ukusebenza

• Ukunyuka kwamandla aphezulu kufuna iindlela eziqinileyo zokukhupha

• Imithwalo ebuthathaka ifuna i-voltage ephantsi eseleyo

• Ukukhetha uhlobo olungalunganga kunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokhuseleko

• Ulungelelwaniso luqinisekisa ukhuseleko kwinkqubo yonke

Ziziphi iintlobo zeZixhobo zoKhuselo oluKhulu ezihambelana nezicelo zoshishino?

Iindawo zoshishino zifuna ukhuseleko olungaphezulu koluqhelekileyo. Uhlobo olufanelekileyo lwesixhobo sokukhusela ukugaleleka luxhomekeke kulwakhiwo lwamandla, umngcipheko wokuvezwa, kunye nobuthathaka bezixhobo.

Izakhiwo zoshishino zifumana ukukhuphuka okuphumayo kwangaphandle nangaphakathi. Ukukhuphuka kwangaphandle kudla ngokungena ngoqhagamshelo lwezixhobo, ngelixa ukunyuka kwangaphakathi kubangelwa ziimoto, ii-variable frequency drives, kunye nemisebenzi yokutshintsha. Oku kwenza ukhuseleko oluneeleya ezininzi lube yimfuneko.

Kwindawo yokungena kwenkqubo, kufuneka ii-SPD ezinomthamo ophezulu ukuze zikwazi ukusingatha imisinga emikhulu yokunyuka kwamandla. Izixhobo ezichanekileyo nezisezantsi zinciphisa i-voltage eseleyo ukukhusela izixhobo zokwenza izinto ngokuzenzekelayo, ii-PLC, kunye nolawulo lwe-elektroniki. Ukukhetha izixhobo ezifanelekileyo iintlobo zezixhobo zokukhusela ukukhukhumala kuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho, ukuthembeka, kunye nokukhuselwa kwempahla ixesha elide.

Kwiinkqubo zoshishino ezisebenzisa i-AC, iinjineli zihlala zisebenzisa ukhuseleko oludibeneyo zisebenzisa izisombululo ezizinikeleyo kwiiphaneli zokusasaza kunye neesekethe zolawulo. Kwiindawo ze-DC ezifana ne-solar PV, indawo yokugcina ibhetri, kunye neziseko ze-EV, ukuziphatha kwe-surge kwahluka kakhulu kwaye kufuna izixhobo ezakhiwe ngenjongo.

Izicelo zeNkqubo yamandla e-AC

Iinkqubo ze-AC zemizi-mveliso ziyazuza kukhuseleko olulungiselelwe iimpawu zegridi kunye neeprofayili zomthwalo. Izisombululo ezinikezelweyo zenzelwe Ukhuseleko lokunyuka kwe-AC zihlala zifakelwa kwi:

• Iibhodi zokutshintshana eziphambili

• Iiphaneli zokusasazwa kwezahlulo

• Iziko lokulawula iimoto

• Iikhabhathi ze-automation zemizi-mveliso

Ezi zixhobo zigxile ekulawuleni usetyenziso kunye nokutshintsha ukunyuka kwamandla.

Izicelo zeNkqubo yamandla eDC

Iinkqubo zeDC zifumana amandla ombane aqhubekayo kunye neepateni ezizodwa zexeshana. Ukhuseleko lokunyuka kwe-DC kubalulekile kwi:

• Ii-PV zelanga

• Iinkqubo zokugcina amandla ebhetri

• Izikhululo zokutshaja ze-EV

• Izixhobo zombane zeTelecom

Ukusebenzisa ii-SPD ezilinganiswe yi-AC kwiinkqubo ze-DC yimpazamo eqhelekileyo nebiza kakhulu.

Itheyibhile yokuthelekisa izicelo zoShishino

Ungakhetha njani phakathi kohlobo lweDivayisi yoKhuseleko oluKhuselayo oluhlukeneyo?

Ukukhetha phakathi kweentlobo zezixhobo zokukhusela ukusasazeka kufuna uhlalutyo lwenqanaba lenkqubo, kungekhona uthelekiso lwemveliso kuphela.

Ndicebisa ukuba uqale inkqubo yokukhetha ngokumapha inkqubo yombane. Chonga imithombo yamandla engenayo, umgangatho womhlaba, kunye nemithwalo ebalulekileyo. Ukusuka apho, vavanya umngcipheko wokuvezwa kukugquma kunye namanqanaba amkelekileyo e-voltage eseleyo.

Iinjineli kufuneka ziqwalasele i-voltage eqhelekileyo, i-discharge current ratings, kunye ne-voltage protection level (Up). Nangona kunjalo, ezi parameters kufuneka zivavanywe kunye. Isixhobo esine-current rating ephezulu kodwa ukusebenza kakubi kwe-clamping kusenokubangela ukuba i-voltage eyonakalisayo idlule.

Enye into edla ngokungananzwa bubuchule bomenzi. Ukusebenza nomntu onamava. umenzi wesixhobo sokukhusela i-surge inceda ukuqinisekisa ulungelelwaniso olufanelekileyo, ukuthobela imigangatho, kunye nokuthembeka kwexesha elide. Kwiifekthi ezintsonkothileyo okanye ezinomngcipheko ophezulu, ingxoxo yobuchwephesha yasekuqaleni ithintela ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kunye noyilo olutsha olubizayo. Iinjineli ezininzi zikhetha ukuqinisekisa ukufaneleka kwenkqubo ngokusebenzisa ukubonisana ngqo ngobuchwepheshe ngexesha lesigaba soyilo.

Iikhrayitheriya zoKhetho oluBalulekileyo

• I-voltage yenkqubo kunye ne-frequency

• Inqanaba lokuvezwa kokunyuka

• Uvakalelo lwezixhobo

• Ukumelana nokusila

• Indawo yokufakela

Iimpazamo Eziqhelekileyo Zobunjineli

• Ukukhetha ii-SPD ngokwereyithingi yangoku kuphela

• Ukungawunaki umahluko weDC vs AC

• Ukulungelelaniswa okungalunganga komhlaba

• Ukufaka ii-SPD kude kakhulu nemithwalo

I-Logic yoKhetho eCetyisiweyo

• Ukuvezwa okuphezulu ngaphandle → I-SPD enamandla aphezulu

• Izixhobo ze-elektroniki ezibuthathaka → Ixabiso eliphantsi eliphezulu

• Iinkqubo ezixutyiweyo → Ukhuseleko oludibeneyo

• Ixesha lokuphumla kwezemizi-mveliso libalulekile → Iileya ezingafunekiyo

Isiphelo

Ikhethwe kakuhle izixhobo zokukhusela ukukhukhumala yenza umaleko obalulekileyo wokhuselo kwiinkqubo zamandla zoshishino, ukhusela izixhobo, uqinisekise ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho, kwaye ugcine ukuqhubeka kokusebenza.

FAQ

Zisetyenziselwa ntoni izixhobo zokukhusela ukuxhaphaka?

Zikhusela iinkqubo zombane kunye nezixhobo ngokususa i-overvoltage yesikhashana kude nezinto ezibuthathaka.

Zisebenza njani izixhobo zokukhusela i-surge ze-SPD?

Ii-SPD zibona ukutyibilika kwamandla ombane kwaye zijika amandla agqithisileyo aye emhlabeni ngoko nangoko ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke umonakalo.

Ngaba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo zokukhusela ukusasazeka kwe-surge kwiinkqubo ze-AC kunye ne-DC?

Ewe. Iinkqubo ze-AC kunye ne-DC zifuna izixhobo zokukhusela ukuxhuzula eziyilwe ngokukodwa ngenxa yeempawu zombane ezahlukeneyo.

Kutheni ubuchule bomenzi bubalulekile xa ukhetha ii-SPD?

Abavelisi abanamava baqinisekisa ulungelelwaniso olufanelekileyo, ukuthobela imithetho, kunye nokusebenza okuthembekileyo kwexesha elide.