Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-Surge Protector kunye ne-Surge Arrester?

Ndihlala ndibona izikhuseli zokuxhuzula kunye nezithinteli zokuxhuzula zisetyenziswa ngokutshintshana. Oku kudideka kukhokelela ekukhethweni kwezixhobo ngendlela engafanelekanga kunye nokhuseleko olungaphelelanga kwiinkqubo zombane.

Isithinteli sokunyuka koxinzelelo vs isithinteli sokunyuka koxinzelelo Ayisiyongxoxo yesigama. Ibonisa iinjongo ezahlukeneyo zokhuseleko, imigaqo yokusebenza, kunye neendawo zokusetyenziswa ngaphakathi koyilo lokhuseleko lokushushu. Ukuqonda umahluko kubalulekile ekuyileni iinkqubo zamandla zoshishino, zorhwebo, kunye neziseko zophuhliso ezinokuthenjwa.

Abakhuseli be-Surge kunye nabaNqapheli be-Surge basebenza njani ngendlela eyahlukileyo?

Umahluko ophambili phakathi kwe-surge protector kunye ne-surge arrester ulele kwindlela abasabela ngayo kwiziganeko ze-overvoltage kunye nenqanaba lamandla e-surge abayilelwe ukuwaphatha.

Indlela Abakhuseli Bokungxama Abasebenza Ngayo

A umkhuseli wokuxhathisa idla ngokuba yi isixhobo sokukhusela ukuvuza (i-SPD) ifakwe kwinkqubo yokusasazwa kombane. Umsebenzi wayo oyintloko kukubopha ii-overvoltages zexesha elifutshane kunye nokunciphisa i-voltage eseleyo kwinqanaba elikhuselekileyo kwizixhobo ezisezantsi.

Ngokwembono yobunjineli, indlela ezisebenza ngayo izikhuseli zokushushumbisa ingashwankathelwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• Sebenza ngaxeshanye nesekethe yamandla

• Hlala ungasebenzi xa kukho iimeko ze-voltage eziqhelekileyo

• Tshintshela ngokukhawuleza kwimeko ye-low-impedance ngexesha lokunyuka

• Jikelezisa umsinga womoya emhlabeni kwimizuzwana emincinci

Izikhuseli zokushushuba zihlala zisebenzisa ii-MOV, ii-TVS diodes, okanye ii-hybrid circuits kwaye zihlelwa njenge Uhlobo 1, Uhlobo 2, okanye Uhlobo 3 lwe-SPD kuxhomekeke kwindawo yokufakelwa kunye nokuvezwa koxinzelelo.

Indlela Abathinteli Bokungxama Abasebenza Ngayo

A isithinteli sokunyuka koxinzelelo Yenzelwe ngokuyintloko ukukhusela iinkqubo ze-high-voltage kwizibane kunye nokunyuka kombane. Isebenza ngokubonelela ngendlela yokukhupha elawulwayo xa i-voltage idlula inqanaba layo lokukhusela.

Indlela ezisebenza ngayo izinto zokuthintela ukuxinana kwamanzi yahlukile ngeendlela eziphambili:

• Yenzelwe ii-voltages eziphezulu zenkqubo

• Phatha imisinga yokunyukela kwamandla aphezulu kakhulu

• Ihlala ifakelwa ukusuka phantsi ukuya phezulu

• Gxila ekukhuseleni ubushushu endaweni yombane oshiyekileyo ophantsi

Izinto zokuthintela ukuvuza kwamanzi zihlala zifumaneka kwimigca yothumelo, kwizikhululo ezingaphantsi, nakwizixhobo ezisetyenziswa kakhulu endaweni yokusetyenziswa ngaphakathi kwiiphaneli zokusasaza izinto zesakhiwo.

Umahluko oPhambili woBugcisa

I umahluko phakathi komkhuseli we-surge kunye ne-surge arrester ayisiyo nje isikali, kodwa yinjongo yoyilo:

• Abakhuseli bokungxama bagxila ekukhuseleni izixhobo ze-elektroniki ezibuthathaka

• Izinto zokuthintela ukuxinana kwamanzi zigxile ekukhuseleni izixhobo zokukhusela ubushushu kunye nezixhobo zamandla

• Ii-SPD zibeka phambili amanqanaba okukhusela umbane ophantsi

• Ababambeleli babeka phambili amandla aphezulu okuqhuba ngamandla ombane

Zihlala Zisetyenziswa Phi Ii-Surge Protectors vs Surge Arresters?

Izikhuseli zokuxinana koxinzelelo kunye nezithinteli zokuxinana koxinzelelo zisetyenziswa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kwinkqubo yamandla ngokusekelwe kwinqanaba levolthi, ukuvezwa kokuxinana koxinzelelo, kunye novakalelo lwezixhobo.

Izicelo eziqhelekileyo zabaKhuseli bokuKhuthaza

Izikhuseli zokushushu zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo ezine-voltage ephantsi kunye ne-medium-voltage apho izixhobo ze-elektroniki kufuneka zikhuselwe kwii-overvoltages zexesha elifutshane.

Izicelo eziqhelekileyo ziquka:

• Iiphaneli eziphambili kunye nezokusasazwa okuncinci

• Iikhabhathi zolawulo lwemizi-mveliso

• Iinkqubo zokuzenzekelayo kunye nee-PLC

• Izakhiwo zorhwebo kunye namaziko edatha

• Ukukhusela ukugabha kwendlu yonke iinkqubo

Kwiinkqubo zamandla ezixhobo, izikhuseli zotyando zisetyenziswa ngendlela enee-layered kusetyenziswa Uhlobo 1, Uhlobo 2, kunye nohlobo 3 lwe-SPD ukunciphisa kancinci kancinci amandla okuphuma kwamanzi.

Uninzi lwezisombululo zenqanaba lokwakha zixhomekeke kwimigaqo edibeneyo Ukhuseleko lokunyuka kwe-AC ukulawula ukunyuka okuthwalwa yigridi ngaphambi kokuba kufikelele kwimithwalo ebuthathaka.

Izicelo eziqhelekileyo ze-Surge Arresters

Izithinteli zokuxinana koxinzelelo ziyasetyenziswa apho amandla okuxinana koxinzelelo ephezulu kakhulu kwaye ukhuseleko lwezixhobo kufuneka lukhuselwe:

• Iintambo zokuhambisa kunye nokusasaza izixhobo

• Izitishi ezincinci kunye neendawo zokutshintsha

• Iitransformer kunye noomatshini abakhulu abajikelezayo

• Ufakelo lwangaphandle olusebenzisa umbane ophezulu

Kwizityalo zamandla avuselelekayo kunye neenkqubo zokudonsa, izithinteli zingasetyenziswa nakwiisekethe zeDC, apho zinikezelwe khona Ukhuseleko lokunyuka kwe-DC amaqhinga ayimfuneko ukujongana noxinzelelo oluqhubekayo lwe-polarity.

Kutheni Umxholo Wokusetyenziswa Ubalulekile

Ukufaka isixhobo sokuthintela ukuvuza ngaphakathi kwephaneli yokulawula ene-voltage ephantsi akuqinisekisi ukhuseleko lwezixhobo. Ngokufanayo, ukuthembela kuphela kwizikhuseli zokuvuza kwi-interface yesixhobo sombane kunokushiya izixhobo ezisezantsi zichanabeke kumbane.

Ukusetyenziswa ngokuchanekileyo kuxhomekeke ekuqondeni umthombo wokunyuka kwamandla, inqanaba lamandla, kunye nenjongo yokukhusela.

Ungayikhetha njani phakathi kwe-Surge Protector kunye ne-Surge Arrester?

Ukukhetha phakathi kwesixhobo sokukhusela ukuvuza kunye nesixhobo sokuthintela ukuvuza kuxhomekeke kumbane wenkqubo, inqanaba lokuvezwa kukuvuza, kunye novakalelo lwezixhobo ezikhuselweyo.

Ukukhetha Ngokusekelwe kwiNqanaba leNkqubo

Indlela elula yokukhetha:

• Sebenzisa isixhobo sokuthintela ukuxhaphaka xa ukhusela izixhobo ezine-voltage ephezulu kwimibane kunye nokutshintsha kwamandla

• Sebenzisa isikhuseli sokunyuka (i-SPD) xa ukhusela izixhobo ezine-voltage ephantsi kwi-overvoltages yesikhashana

Kwiindawo ezininzi, zombini ezi zixhobo zifuneka kwiileya ezahlukeneyo zenkqubo yombane.

Ulungelelwaniso kunye neendidi ze-SPD

Ngaphakathi kwiinkqubo ze-voltage ephantsi, ukukhetha uhlobo oluchanekileyo lwe-SPD kubalulekile:

• Uhlobo lwe-1 SPD: Ifakwe emnyango wenkonzo, iphatha umbane ongaphelelanga

• Uhlobo lwe-2 SPD: Ifakwe kwiiphaneli zokusasazwa, inciphisa i-voltage eseleyo

• Uhlobo lwe-3 SPD: Ifakwe kufutshane nemithwalo ebuthathaka

Le ndlela idibeneyo iqinisekisa ukuba ukhuseleko lokunyuka kwendlu yonke kunye nokuthembeka kwenkqubo yemizi-mveliso.

Izinto eziqwalaselwayo kubuNjineli kunye nokuThengwa

Xa ukhetha phakathi kwezisombululo, iinjineli kufuneka zivavanye:

• Umbane osebenzayo oqhubekayo ophezulu (MCOV)

• Uvavanyo lwangoku olukhutshwayo oluqhelekileyo kunye novavanyo lwangoku oluyimpulse

• Inqanaba lokukhusela iVoltha (Phezulu)

• Imeko zokumisa umhlaba kunye nokubopha

• Indawo yokufakela

Kwiinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo okanye uyilo oluxutyiweyo lwe-AC/DC, iinjineli ezininzi ziqinisekisa ukhetho lwazo ngokusebenzisa ukubonisana ngobuchule ukuphepha ukusetyenziswa gwenxa nokuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho.

Isiphelo

Isithinteli sokunyuka koxinzelelo vs isithinteli sokunyuka koxinzelelo sisigqibo esisekelwe kwinqanaba lenkqubo, kungekhona uthelekiso lwemveliso. Ngokuqonda indlela esebenza ngayo isixhobo ngasinye kunye nendawo esimele sisebenze kuyo, iinjineli zinokuyila iinkqubo zokukhusela ukugqobhoza ezilungelelanisiweyo ezikhusela ngokufanelekileyo zombini iziseko zophuhliso kunye nezixhobo ezinobuthathaka.

FAQ

Yintoni umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwesixhobo sokukhusela ukuvuza kunye nesixhobo sokuthintela ukuvuza?

Isithinteli sokunyuka sithintela ukugqithiswa kwamandla ombane okwethutyana kwiinkqubo ze-low-voltage, ngelixa isithinteli sokunyuka kwamandla ombane sikhusela izixhobo ze-high-voltage kwizibane kunye nokuguguleka kombane.

Ngaba abakhuseli be-surge kunye ne-SPDs bayafana?

Ewe. Isixhobo sokukhusela ukuvuza sidla ngokubizwa ngokuba sisixhobo sokukhusela ukuvuza (i-SPD) kwimigangatho nakumaxwebhu obunjineli.

Ngaba umntu othintela ukuxinana koxinzelelo lomoya angawuthatha indawo yomntu okhusela ukuxinana koxinzelelo lomoya?

Hayi. Izinto zokuthintela ukuvuza aziyilelwanga ukubonelela ngokhuseleko oluphantsi lwe-voltage eseleyo efunekayo kwizixhobo ze-elektroniki ezinobuthathaka.

Ziziphi iintlobo ze-SPD ezisetyenziswa ekwakheni ukhuseleko lokuqubha?

Ii-SPD zohlobo 1, uhlobo 2, kunye nohlobo 3 zisetyenziswa ngendlela edibeneyo yokukhusela ukuvuza kwendlu yonke kunye nesakhiwo ngokufanelekileyo.

Ngaba iinkqubo ze-AC kunye ne-DC zifuna izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zokukhusela ukuxhuzula?

Ewe. Iinkqubo ze-AC kunye ne-DC zifumana iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuziphatha kwe-surge kwaye zifuna izixhobo ezilinganiswe ngokukodwa kuhlobo ngalunye lwenkqubo.