Isixhobo soKhuselo lokuGqibela: Yintoni kwaye sisebenza njani?

---

Umbane uyawohloka kancinci kancinci, unciphise ubomi bezixhobo, kwaye ubangele ixesha lokungasebenzi elingalindelekanga. Ndihlala ndibona le ngozi ithathwa kancinci de kubekho ukusilela kwiinkqubo ezibalulekileyo.

A isixhobo sokukhusela ukugabha Yenzelwe ukukhusela izixhobo zombane neze-elektroniki kwiziganeko zombane ogqithisileyo ngokujika amandla agqithisileyo aye emhlabeni ngokukhuselekileyo ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke umonakalo.

Kwicandelo elingezantsi, ndiza kuchaza indlela ezisebenza ngayo iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo zokukhusela ukuxhuzula, apho zisetyenziswa khona, kunye nendlela iinjineli ezifanele zikhethe ngayo isisombululo esifanelekileyo kwiinkqubo zoshishino.

---

Izixhobo zokukhusela ze-Type 1 kunye ne-Type 2 Surge zisebenza njani?

Iziganeko ezahlukeneyo zokunyukela ngamandla zifuna amaqhinga okukhusela ahlukeneyo. Izixhobo zokukhusela ukunyukela ngamandla zohlobo loku-1 kunye nohlobo lwesibini zisebenza kunye ngokuthintela ukunyukela ngamandla kwiindawo ezininzi kwinkqubo yombane, zithintela amandla atshabalalisayo ukuba angafikeleli kwimithwalo ebuthathaka. Isixhobo sokukhusela ukunyukela ngamandla sisebenza ngokujonga amanqanaba ombane kwaye siphendule ngoko nangoko xa ukugqithisela kwamandla ombane okudlulayo kudlula umda ochaziweyo. Ezi zihlandlo zokunyukela ngamandla zihlala zibangelwa kukubetha kombane, imisebenzi yokutshintsha izixhobo, okanye imithwalo emikhulu yokungenisa amandla. Umahluko ophambili phakathi kwezixhobo zohlobo loku-1 kunye nohlobo lwesibini ulele apho kwaye Njani bayathintela amandla okuphuma kwamanzi.

A isixhobo sokukhusela i-surge type 1 ifakelwe emnyango wenkonzo, phezulu kwebhodi ephambili yokusasaza. Yenzelwe ukujongana nokunyuka kwamandla aphezulu okuvela kumbane okanye kwiinethiwekhi zezixhobo. Ezi zixhobo zinokukhupha ngokukhuselekileyo umbane ongaphelelanga ngqo emhlabeni ngaphandle kokuxhomekeka kukhuseleko oluphezulu.

Ngokwahlukileyo koko, isixhobo sokukhusela ukugquma kohlobo lwesibini ifakelwe ngezantsi, ngesiqhelo kwiiphaneli zokusasaza. Inciphisa ukunyuka okushiyekileyo okudlula kumaleko wohlobo loku-1 okanye okuveliswa ngaphakathi ngokutshintsha izixhobo. Xa zidibene, le ndlela yokukhusela eneeleya inciphisa kakhulu uxinzelelo kwii-elektroniki ezisezantsi.

Kwiindawo zoshishino zokwenyani, ukuthembela kumaleko omnye wokhuseleko akwanelanga. Ukhuselo oluHlanganisiweyo lwe-1 kunye nolwe-2 luqinisekisa ukuba amandla okushushu ancitshiswa ngokuthe ngcembe, kugcinwa amanqanaba ombane ngaphakathi kwemida yokunyamezela izixhobo.

Indlela isixhobo sokukhusela i-Type 1 Surge esiphatha ngayo ukunyuka kwamandla aphezulu

Izixhobo zohlobo loku-1 zenzelwe ukumelana nemisinga yokugaleleka ngamandla kwaye zisebenze ngaphandle kokukhuselwa kwesekethe ephezulu.

• Ifakwe kwiingcango eziphambili zenkonzo

• Yenzelwe ukukhupha umbane wamanzi

• Ihlala ivavanywa ngokwemigangatho ye-waveform ye-10/350 μs

• Kubalulekile kwiindawo ezikwiindawo ezithandwa ngumbane

Oku kwenza isixhobo sokukhusela ukushushuluza uhlobo 1 izisombululo ezibalulekileyo kwizityalo zoshishino, amaziko edatha, kunye neeprojekthi zeziseko zophuhliso ezineentambo zombane ezingenayo ezibonakalayo.

Indlela isixhobo sokukhusela i-Type 2 Surge Protection Device esithintela ngayo i-Residual Overvoltage

Izixhobo zohlobo lwesibini zigxile ekuthintelweni kombane endaweni yokuphathwa kombane oluhlaza.

• Ifakwe kwiibhodi zokusasazwa kwezahlulo

• Phendula ngokukhawuleza kwii-transients zamandla aphantsi

• Khusela ii-PLC, ii-drive, kunye nolawulo lwe-elektroniki

• Nciphisa uxinzelelo lobushushu oluqokelelweyo

Ikhethwe ngokufanelekileyo isixhobo sokukhusela ukugquma uhlobo 2 kunciphisa kakhulu amazinga okusilela kwexesha elide kwezixhobo ezibuthathaka.

Kutheni Ukhuseleko Oludibeneyo Lubalulekile

Ukusebenzisa uhlobo 1 okanye uhlobo 2 kuphela kudala izikhewu zokukhusela.

• Uhlobo 1 olungenalo Uhlobo 2 lushiya i-residual voltage ingakhangelwa

• Uhlobo lwesibini olungenalo uhlobo loku-1 lunomngcipheko omkhulu wokugcwala

• Iinkqubo ezilungelelanisiweyo ziphucula ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho ye-IEC

• Amaxesha okugcina ayanda

---

Ziphi izixhobo zokukhusela utyando lwe-Type 1 kunye ne-Type 2?

Ukubekwa ngendlela engafanelekanga kunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokhuseleko. Izixhobo zokukhusela ukugquma kohlobo 1 kunye nohlobo 2 kufuneka zisetyenziswe kwiindawo ezithile kwinkqubo yombane ukulawula ukuhamba kwamandla okugquma ngokufanelekileyo.

Ukusetyenziswa kubaluleke njengokukhethwa kwesixhobo. Ndisoloko ndibona izixhobo zokukhusela ukuxhuzula ezikumgangatho ophezulu zingasebenzi kakuhle kuba nje zifakwe kwindawo engafanelekanga. Izixhobo zohlobo 1 kunye nezohlobo 2 zisebenza iindima ezahlukeneyo kulwakhiwo lombane.

Izixhobo zohlobo loku-1 zisetyenziswa apho inkqubo yombane idibana neenethiwekhi zangaphandle. Oku kuquka ukungena kweenkonzo ezixhaswa zizixhobo, uqhagamshelo lweentambo eziphezulu, kunye nezibonelelo ezineenkqubo zokukhusela umbane zangaphandle. Indima yazo kukuyeka imisinga emikhulu yomoya ngaphambi kokuba isasazeke nzulu ekufakweni.

Izixhobo zohlobo lwesibini zisetyenziswa kufutshane nemithwalo ebuthathaka. Zikhusela iinkqubo zokwenza izinto ngokuzenzekelayo, ii-motor drives, iipaneli zezixhobo, kunye nezixhobo ze-IT kwiintshukumo zokutshintsha eziveliswa ngaphakathi kunye ne-residual overvoltage.

Kwizakhiwo zoshishino ezifuna ukhuseleko oluhambelanayo noluthembekileyo, ukudibanisa i isixhobo sokukhusela i-surge type 1 Kwisango lenkonzo elinokhuselo lwe-Type 2 olusezantsi yindlela yobunjineli eyamkelweyo ngokubanzi.

Izicelo zeSixhobo soKhuseleko loHlobo loku-1 oluQhelekileyo

• Iibhodi zokutshintsha ezingundoqo ezine-voltage ephantsi

• Izixhobo ezineenkqubo zokukhusela umbane zangaphandle

• Izityalo zoshishino ezisebenzisa iintambo zombane eziphezulu

• Ukufakelwa kwamandla avuselelekayo

Ezi ndawo zifumana amandla aphezulu okuphuma kwamanzi.

Izicelo zeDivayisi yoKhuseleko loKhuphiswano oluQhelekileyo lweSibini

• Iiphaneli zolawulo kunye neeMCC

• Iikhabhathi ze-automation kunye ne-PLC

• Izakhiwo zorhwebo ezinezixhobo zobuchwepheshe ezibuthathaka

• Iibhodi zokusasazwa kwecandelo lemizi-mveliso

Apha, isixhobo sokukhusela i-surge sohlobo lwesibini igxile ekunciphiseni ii-voltage spikes ezonakalisa izinto ze-elektroniki ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Itheyibhile yokuthelekisa isicelo

---

Ungayikhetha njani Uhlobo lweDivayisi yoKhuseleko lokuSuka olufanelekileyo?

Ukukhetha uhlobo olungalunganga lwesixhobo sokukhusela ukugquma kukhokelela kukhuseleko olungeyonyani. Ukukhetha okufanelekileyo kuxhomekeke kwi-topology yenkqubo, inqanaba lokuvezwa kukugquma, kunye nobuthathaka bezixhobo.

Ukukhetha isixhobo sokukhusela ukuvuza akufuneki kusekelwe kuvavanyo lwangoku kuphela. Ndicebisa ukuba uqale ngovavanyo lwenqanaba lenkqubo. Chonga iimpawu zamandla angenayo, umgangatho womhlaba, kunye nokubaluleka kwemithwalo ekhuselweyo.

Izixhobo ezivezwa ngumbane okanye ezibonelelwa ziintambo eziphezulu zifuna umbane oqinileyo isixhobo sokukhusela ukushushuluza uhlobo 1 ekungeneni kwenkonzo. Ezi zixhobo mazihambelane nemigangatho ye-IEC 61643 kwaye ziphathe imisinga yokukhupha amanzi ephezulu ngaphandle kokusilela.

Ukukhusela kwangaphakathi, inkqubo edibeneyo isixhobo sokukhusela ukugquma kohlobo lwesibini kufuneka zikhethwe ngokusekelwe kwi-voltage eqhelekileyo, inqanaba lokhuseleko (Phezulu), kunye nexesha lokuphendula. Amaxabiso aphantsi anika ukhuseleko olungcono kwii-elektroniki ezinobuthathaka.

Okubaluleke ngokulinganayo kumgama wokudibanisa, ubude beentambo, kunye nokumelana nomhlaba. Umhlaba ophantsi ongemhle unokunciphisa kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-SPD, nokuba ingakanani na ireyithingi yesixhobo.

Iikhrayitheriya zoKhetho loBugcisa oluPhambili

• I-voltage yenkqubo eqhelekileyo (Uc)

• Uvavanyo lwangoku lokukhupha itshaja (In / Imax)

• Inqanaba lokukhusela iVoltha (Phezulu)

• Indawo yokufakela

• Ukuthobela imigangatho ye-IEC

Iimpazamo Eziqhelekileyo Zokukhetha

• Ukusebenzisa izixhobo zohlobo lwesibini ngaphandle kokhuseleko oluphezulu

• Ukwandisa umlinganiselo wangoku ngelixa ungawunaki amaxabiso aphezulu

• Ukungawunaki umgangatho wenkqubo yokumisa umhlaba

• Ukufaka ii-SPD kude kakhulu nemithwalo ekhuselweyo

I-Logic yoKhetho eCetyisiweyo

• Ukuvezwa koxinzelelo lwangaphandle → Uhlobo 1 luyafuneka

• Izixhobo ze-elektroniki ezibuthathaka → Uhlobo lwesibini luyafuneka

• Iinkqubo zoshishino → Ukhuseleko oludibeneyo

• Ixesha lokuphumla elibalulekileyo → Iileya ze-SPD ezingafunekiyo

---

Isiphelo

Ikhethwe ngokufanelekileyo isixhobo sokukhusela ukugabha Icebo lokudibanisa ukhuseleko lohlobo 1 nohlobo 2 libalulekile ekukhuseleni iinkqubo zoshishino nokuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kokusebenza kwexesha elide.

---

FAQ

Yintoni umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwezixhobo zokukhusela utyando lwe-Type 1 kunye ne-Type 2?

Izixhobo zohlobo loku-1 zijongana nombane onamandla aphezulu kwiindawo zokungena, ngelixa izixhobo zohlobo lwesibini zithintela intsalela ye-overvoltage kwiinkqubo zokusasaza.

Ngaba isixhobo sokukhusela ukugquma kohlobo lwesibini singasithatha indawo yesixhobo sohlobo lwe-1?

Hayi. Izixhobo zohlobo lwesibini azenzelwanga ukumelana nombane ngqo kwaye kufuneka zilungelelaniswe nokhuseleko lohlobo lwe-1.

Isixhobo sokukhusela i-Type 1 Surge sifanele sifakelwe phi?

Ifanele ifakwe kumnyango omkhulu wenkonzo, ngasentla kwebhodi yokuhambisa eyintloko.

Zingaphi izixhobo zokukhusela ukuxhuzula ezifunekayo kwinkqubo yemizi-mveliso?

Uninzi lweenkqubo zoshishino zifuna ubuncinane iileya ezimbini: Uhlobo 1 emnyango kunye nohlobo 2 kufutshane nezixhobo ezibuthathaka.