Izixhobo zokukhusela i-DC kunye ne-AC Surge zeNkqubo zeSolar kunye nePV
Ndibone iiprojekthi ezininzi zelanga zisilela emva kwesiphepho esinye sombane, ngoko ke ndixhomekeke kwi Isixhobo sokukhusela ukugquma ukunqanda umonakalo ngaphambi kokuba ufike kwiiphaneli nakwii-inverters.
A Isixhobo sokukhusela ukugquma kwiinkqubo zelanga kunye ne-PV zikhusela iisekethe ze-DC kunye ne-AC kwizibane kunye nokutshintsha ngamandla ngokujika i-voltage engaphezulu iye emhlabeni ngokukhuselekileyo, zithintela ukungaphumeleli kwezixhobo kunye nexesha lokungasebenzi.
Ukuba ufuna imveliso ezinzileyo, iindleko zolondolozo eziqikelelweyo, kunye nobomi obude benkqubo, ukuqonda indlela ezisebenza ngayo ii-DC kunye nee-AC SPDs linyathelo elilandelayo elinengqondo.
Yintoni i Isixhobo esikhuselayo seDC Surge kwiiNkqubo zeLanga
Ndihlala ndidibana nabathengi abangayithathi lula i-DC surges, de kube yinto enye etshabalalisa i-inverter. Yiyo loo nto ndihlala ndiqala ngokukhusela i-DC kuqala.
Isixhobo sokukhusela i-DC surge kwiinkqubo zelanga sithintela i-overvoltage yesikhashana kwiisekethe ze-DC ngokuzibamba ii-surges nokuzikhupha emhlabeni, sikhusela iiphaneli ze-PV, iintambo, kunye nee-inverters.
Ndiyila ukhuseleko lwe-DC ngengcamango enye elula: ii-PV arrays zii-conductors ezinde, ezivezwe. Zisebenza njengee-antenna ngexesha leziganeko zombane. Nokuba umbane ongathanga ngqo unokubangela amawaka ee-volts kwi-DC strings. Isixhobo sokukhusela ukugquma Ifakwe kufutshane ne-array combiner okanye i-inverter DC input isebenza njengevalvu yokhuseleko ephendula ngokukhawuleza. Ayimisi umbane, kodwa iqondisa amandla okuphuma kwi-elektroniki ebuthathaka.
Kwiiprojekthi zokwenyani, ndihlala ndijonga izinto ezintathu ezisisiseko. Okokuqala, i-voltage ephezulu ye-DC ye-array phantsi kweemeko ezibandayo. Okwesibini, umgangatho wokumisa umhlaba. Okwesithathu, ubude bokuhambisa intambo. Ii-DC SPD zisebenza kakuhle kuphela xa ukumelana nokumisa umhlaba kuphantsi kwaye iindlela zentambo zimfutshane. Oku kubalulekile ekukhuseleni ukushushu kwe-surge kwiifektri nakwiinkqubo ezinkulu zophahla apho ukuhamba kwentambo kukude khona.
Ngokwamava am, ukusilela okuninzi okutyholwa “ngomgangatho ophantsi we-inverter” akubikho okanye akukho bukhulu beDC SPDs. I-SPD yemizi-mveliso efanelekileyo kwicala leDC inciphisa kakhulu iindleko zokutshintsha kunye nexesha lokungasebenzi.
Izixhobo zokukhusela zeDC Surge ye-PV kunye ne-Solar Power
Ndidla ngokuxelela abaphathi bokuthenga ukuba ii-DC SPD azizozixhobo zokuzikhethela. Zizinto eziphambili zokukhusela.
Izixhobo zokukhusela i-DC ezisebenzisa amandla elanga kunye neenkqubo ze-PV khusela iintambo ze-DC kunye nezixhobo kwi-surges ezibangelwa ngumbane kunye ne-switching transients kwiindawo zangaphandle.
Xa ndiceba ukhuseleko lwe-DC surge, ndiqala ndijonge uyilo lwenkqubo. I-PV yophahla, ii-arrays ezifakwe emhlabeni, kunye nezityalo ze-utility-scale zonke ziziphatha ngokwahlukileyo ngexesha leziganeko ze-surge. Isixhobo sokukhusela ukugquma ukufakwa kwibhokisi ye-DC combiner kunciphisa uxinzelelo kwi-electronics esezantsi. Kwiinkqubo ezinkulu, ndihlala ndisebenzisa ukhuseleko oludibeneyo kunye nee-SPDs kwi-array kunye ne-inverter.
Apha ngezantsi kukho uthelekiso olusebenzayo endilusebenzisayo xa ndikhetha ii-DC SPDs:
| Ubungakanani besicelo | I-DC Voltage eqhelekileyo | Uhlobo lwe-SPD olucetyiswayo | Indawo yoFakelo |
|---|---|---|---|
| Uphahla oluncinci | ≤600V | Uhlobo lwesibini lwe-DC SPD | Igalelo le-Inverter DC |
| I-PV yorhwebo | 800–1000V | Uhlobo lwesibini lwe-DC SPD | Ibhokisi yokudibanisa yeDC |
| Isikali senkonzo | 1000–1500V | Uhlobo 1+2 DC SPD | Umdibanisi wentsimi |
Le ndlela isebenza kakuhle kwiiprojekthi ze-SPD zoshishino apho ixesha lokusebenza libalulekile. Ikwanciphisa iingxabano zewaranti kuba umonakalo wokunyuka kwesantya ngokucacileyo uncitshisiwe.
Ingcaciso yeeNqanaba zeVolthi yeSixhobo esiKhuselekileyo seDC Surge
Ndisoloko ndikhumbuza abathengi ukuba iimpazamo zokulinganisa i-voltage yenye yezona mpazamo zibiza kakhulu ekukhuseleni i-DC surge.
Uvavanyo lwe-voltage yesixhobo sokukhusela i-DC kufuneka ludlule kwi-voltage ephezulu ye-open-circuit yenkqubo ye-PV ukuze kuthintelwe ukusilela kwangethuba kunye nokulahleka kokhuseleko.
Enyanisweni, andikhe ndikhethe i-DC SPD elingana ne-nominal voltage. Ubushushu buchaphazela kakhulu i-PV voltage. Imozulu ebandayo inokunyusa i-string voltage ngaphezulu kakhulu kwamaxabiso e-nameplate. Yiyo loo nto ndikhetha umda wokhuseleko we-20% ubuncinane.
Nantsi indlela endihlala ndifanisa ngayo ukulinganiswa kwe-voltage:
| Inqanaba leVolthi yeDC | Ityala Lokusetyenziswa Okuqhelekileyo | Isicelo se-SPD |
|---|---|---|
| 12V / 24V | Ulawulo, izinzwa | Ukhuseleko lwe-DC lwengingqi |
| 48V | Ugcino lwamandla | I-interface yebhetri |
| 600V | Ii-PV arrays ezincinci | Iinkqubo zophahla |
| 1000V | I-PV yorhwebo | Uphahla olukhulu |
| 1500V | I-PV yoNcedo | Izityalo zelanga |
Ukusebenzisa umlinganiselo ochanekileyo kwandisa ubomi be-SPD kwaye kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqikelelweyo. Oku kubalulekile kubathengi abanjengoJeff, abafuna umgangatho ozinzileyo kunye neendleko eziphantsi zobunini.
Ukhuseleko lwe-DC Surge kwiiphaneli ze-PV kunye nee-Inverters
Ndigxila kakhulu kwi-inverter kuba yeyona nto ibiza kakhulu kwaye ibuthathaka.
Ukhuseleko lokushushu kwe-DC phakathi kweephaneli ze-PV kunye nee-inverters luthintela amandla okwethutyana ngaphambi kokuba lungene kwi-elektroniki ye-inverter, nto leyo ethintela umonakalo omkhulu kunye nokuvalwa kwenkqubo.
Ngokwedatha yentsimi, uninzi lokusilela kwe-inverter kwenzeka kwinqanaba lokufaka i-DC. Iintambo ezinde ze-DC ziqokelela amandla okuphuma kwamandla, kwaye ngaphandle Isixhobo sokukhusela ukugquma, i-inverter iyayifunxa i-hit. Ndisoloko ndifaka ii-DC SPDs kufutshane kangangoko kunokwenzeka kwiiterminals ze-inverter.
Kwiinkqubo ze-PV zanamhlanje ezisebenzisa i-1000V okanye ngaphezulu, ukhuseleko oludibeneyo lubalulekile. I-SPD enye kwi-array ayanelanga. Ukhuseleko oluneeleya lunciphisa i-residual voltage kwaye luphucula ukuthembeka kwenkqubo. Le ndlela isetyenziswa kakhulu ekukhuseleni i-surge kwiifektri apho ixesha lokungasebenzi lingamkelekanga.
Uqwalaselo lwePole lwezixhobo zokukhusela zeDC Surge
Ndihlala ndibona ukudideka malunga neepali, ingakumbi kwiinkqubo ze-PV ezidadayo xa kuthelekiswa neenkqubo ze-PV ezisekelwe phantsi.
Ulwakhiwo lwepali yokukhusela isixhobo se-DC surge luxhomekeke kwisiseko senkqubo kunye nolungiselelo lwe-conductor, ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko olupheleleyo lweendlela ezilungileyo, ezimbi, kunye nezomhlaba.
Kwiinkqubo ezininzi ze-PV, ii-2P DC SPDs zixhaphakile. Zikhusela imigca emihle nengalunganga emhlabeni. Kwiinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo, kunokufuneka uqwalaselo lwe-3P. Ndisoloko ndiqinisekisa i-grounding topology ngaphambi kokukhetha kokugqibela. Uqwalaselo olungalunganga lwepali lunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokhuselo kwaye lwandisa umngcipheko wokungaphumeleli.
Izixhobo zokukhusela i-AC Surge Isetyenziswa kwiiNkqubo zeLanga
Ndiyithatha i-AC protection njengomgca wesibini wokhuselo emva kwe-DC protection.
Izixhobo zokukhusela i-AC surge zikhusela ii-inverters, iibhodi zokusasaza, kunye nemithwalo evela kwi-surges ezingena nge-utility okanye kwi-internal switching events.
Ii-AC SPD zikhethwa ngokusekelwe kulwakhiwo lwe-voltage kunye nesigaba. Iinkqubo zokuhlala zihlala zisebenzisa ii-110V okanye ii-275V SPD, ngelixa iinkqubo zoshishino zisebenzisa izixhobo ze-385V. Kwiinkqubo zesigaba esithathu, ulungiselelo lwe-3P+NPE lubonelela ngokhuseleko olulinganayo.
| Uhlobo lweNkqubo ye-AC | I-Voltage | Uqwalaselo lwe-SPD |
|---|---|---|
| Eyokuhla | 110V | 1P okanye 1P+N |
| yoRhwebo | 275V | 2P |
| Imizi-mveliso | 385V | 3P+NPE |
I-SPD yemizi-mveliso kwicala le-AC ayikhuseli kuphela izixhobo zelanga kodwa ikhusela nemithwalo eqhagamshelweyo.
Indlela yokukhetha Isixhobo Sokukhusela Ukunyuka Kwasekunene yeLanga
Ndigcina ukukhetha kulula kuba ukuntsonkotha kakhulu kubangela iimpazamo.
Ukukhetha isixhobo esifanelekileyo sokukhusela ukuvuza kuthetha ukuhambelana kwevolthi, uhlobo lwenkqubo, indawo yokufakela, kunye nenqanaba lomngcipheko wokhuseleko oluthembekileyo lwexesha elide.
Ndisoloko ndicebisa ukusebenzisa iimveliso eziqinisekisiweyo ezinemilinganiselo ecacileyo yokunyuka kwe-surge kunye nokhuseleko lobushushu. Kuphephe ukuxuba ii-AC kunye nee-DC SPDs ngendlela engafanelekanga. Ukungaphumeleli okuninzi kuvela ekufakeni ii-AC SPDs kwiisekethe ze-DC. Ukusebenza nomthengisi oqondayo indlela yokuthintela ukukhuphuka kwe-surge kwenza umahluko omkhulu.
Isiphelo
Khetha okulungileyo Isixhobo sokukhusela ukugquma namhlanje ukukhusela utyalo-mali lwakho lwelanga kunye nokugcina inkqubo yakho isebenza ngomso.
FAQ
Q1: Ngaba iinkqubo zelanga ziyayifuna ngokwenene i-DC surge protection?
Ewe. Ii-PV arrays zibonakala kakhulu kwaye ukunyuka kwe-DC yeyona nto iphambili ebangela ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-inverter.
Umbuzo 2: Ngaba i-SPD enye ingakhusela zombini iisekethe ze-AC kunye ne-DC?
Hayi. Iisekethe ze-AC kunye ne-DC zifuna uyilo kunye neereyithingi ezahlukeneyo ze-SPD.
Q3: Isixhobo sokukhusela i-surge kufuneka sitshintshwe kangaphi?
Kuxhomekeke ekubeni i-surge ichaphazeleke kangakanani, kodwa kucetyiswa ukuba uhlolwe rhoqo minyaka le.
Q4: Ngaba ireyithingi ye-kA ephezulu ihlala ingcono?
Ayisoloko injalo. Kufuneka ihambelane nomngcipheko wenkqubo kunye nendawo efakelwe kuyo.
Umbuzo 5: Ngaba ukugutyungelwa kakuhle komhlaba kunganciphisa ukusebenza kwe-SPD?
Ewe. Umgangatho wokumisa umhlaba uchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kakuhle kokuphambuka komoya.