Isikhokelo esipheleleyo se-Surge Arresters soKhuseleko lweLanga kunye nombane

Ndibone umonakalo wombane uvala iifektri kunye nezityalo zelanga ngobusuku obunye, ngoko ke ndihlala ndinyanga Isixhobo sokukhusela ukugquma kunye necebo lokuthintela ukusasazeka kwengozi njengelingaxoxiswani.

Isikhokelo esipheleleyo sezixhobo zokuthintela ukuvuza kwamanzi sichaza indlela ezi zixhobo ezijika ngayo umbane kunye nombane ogqithisileyo emhlabeni, zikhusela iinkqubo zelanga, iinethiwekhi zombane, kunye nezixhobo ezibalulekileyo ngelixa zinciphisa ixesha lokungasebenzi kunye neendleko zokulungisa.

Ukuba ulawula umngcipheko, iindleko, kunye namaxesha okuhanjiswa kweenkonzo, ukuqonda izinto ezithintela ukunyuka kwesantya kuya kukunceda wakhe iinkqubo ezisinda kuxinzelelo lombane lokwenyani.

Yintoni i-Surge Arrester kunye nendlela esebenza ngayo

Ndidla ngokuqala uphononongo lwenkqubo ngokucacisa into eyenziwa yi-surge arrester.

Isixhobo sokuthintela ukuvuza komoya sisixhobo esikhuselayo esithintela ukugqitha kwamandla ombane ngokujika amandla okuvuza komoya aye emhlabeni ngokukhuselekileyo, sithintela ukungaphumeleli kokufakwa komoya kunye nomonakalo wezixhobo.

Ndibona iinjineli ezininzi zibhidanisa izixhobo zokuthintela ukuvuza kwamanzi (surge arresters) nezixhobo zokukhusela ukuvuza kwamanzi (surge protectors). Enyanisweni, isixhobo sokuthintela ukuvuza kwamanzi (surge arrester) senzelwe ukujongana namanqanaba aphezulu amandla, ingakumbi iziganeko ezinxulumene nombane. Xa kufika ukuvuza kwamanzi (surge arrester), isixhobo sokuthintela sitshintsha ukusuka kwi-impedance ephezulu ukuya kwi-impedance ephantsi kwi-microseconds. Esi senzo sibamba i-voltage ukuya kwinqanaba elikhuselekileyo kwaye sithumela amandla agqithisileyo emhlabeni.

Kwiinkqubo zombane ezisebenzisa umbane ophantsi, izixhobo zokuthintela ukuvuza zikhusela ii-switchboards, ii-transformers, kunye nee-elektroniki ezibuthathaka. Kwii-solar installations, zikhusela ii-PV arrays, ii-combiner boxes, kunye nee-inverters. Ndibone ukhuseleko lokuvuza kwiifektri lungaphumeleli ngenxa yokuba kukhethwe uhlobo olungalunganga lwesixhobo.

Ngokwamava am, umahluko ophambili kukusebenza kwamandla. Isixhobo sokukhusela ukugquma Isetyenziswa njengesithinteli sokunyuka komoya kufuneka ihambelane nokuvezwa kwenkqubo, umgangatho womhlaba, kunye nendawo yokufakela. Xa yenziwe ngokuchanekileyo, ifunxa ngokuzolileyo iziganeko eziphindaphindiweyo ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukusebenza.

Iintlobo zee-Surge Arresters ezisetyenziswa kuMandla nakwiiNkqubo zeLanga

Ndisoloko ndikhetha izinto zokuthintela ukuvuza kwegazi ngokusekwe kwinqanaba lokuchatshazelwa kukuvuza kwegazi.

Izithinteli zokuxhathisa umbane zohlobo lwe-1 zikhusela kwimisinga yombane ethe ngqo, ngelixa Uhlobo lwesibini lokuthintela ukuxinana khusela ekunyukeni okubangelwayo nokutshintshatshintshayo kwiinkqubo zokusasazwa.

Izithinteli zombane zohlobo lwe-1 zifakelwe kwiingcango zenkonzo apho imisinga yombane ethe ngqo inokungena khona. Ziqhelekile kwiindawo ezinomngcipheko ophezulu kunye neendawo zokunxibelelana kwezixhobo. Izithinteli zombane zohlobo lwe-2 zifakelwe ngezantsi kwaye zezona ndlela zisetyenziswa kakhulu kuyilo lwe-SPD yelanga neyemizi-mveliso.

Nantsi indlela endichaza ngayo umahluko kumaqela okuthenga:

Kwiiprojekthi ezininzi zelanga nezezorhwebo, izixhobo zohlobo lwesibini okanye ezidityanisiweyo zibonelela ngokulinganisela okufanelekileyo kokhuseleko kunye neendleko. Oku kubalulekile xa intsebenziswano yexesha elide kunye nomgangatho oqikelelweyo zizinto eziphambili.

Ii-DC Surge Arresters zeNkqubo zeSolar kunye nePV

Ndinika ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kwiingozi zokugcwala kweDC kwiiprojekthi zelanga.

Izinto zokuthintela ukuxinana kwe-DC khusela iisekethe ze-PV kwi-surges ezibangelwa ngumbane kunye nokutshintsha i-overvoltage, ukuthintela umonakalo we-inverter kunye ne-module.

Iisekethe zeDC zinde, zibonakala, kwaye zihlala zithunyelwa ngaphandle. Oko kuzenza zibe sesichengeni nokuba azikho ngqo. Ndisoloko ndicebisa ii-DC surge arresters kwiibhokisi ze-PV combiner kunye nee-inverter DC inputs.

Amanqanaba ombane ahlukeneyo afuna uyilo olwahlukileyo. Umzekelo, isixhobo sokumisa i-surge 24VDC sisebenza kakuhle kwiisekethe zolawulo, ngelixa ii-PV arrays ezine-voltage ephezulu zifuna izixhobo ezilinganiswe yi-600V, 1000V, okanye i-1500V. Isixhobo sokumisa i-DC lightning kufuneka sihambelane ne-voltage ephezulu ye-open-circuit, kungekhona nje amaxabiso aqhelekileyo.

Kwiiprojekthi zam, ukukhetha i-DC surge arrester efanelekileyo kunciphisa kakhulu amazinga eempazamo ze-inverter. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kwi-industrial SPD deployments apho ixesha lokungasebenzi lichaphazela ngokukhawuleza iishedyuli zemveliso.

Izithinteli zokunyuka kwelanga kwiiphaneli kunye neenkqubo ze-PV

Ndiyiphatha njengenkqubo yokukhusela ukugqabhuka kwelanga, hayi njengesixhobo esinye.

Izithinteli zokunyuka kwamandla elanga zikhusela iiphaneli, iibhokisi zokudibanisa, kunye nee-inverters ngokunciphisa i-transient overvoltage kuyo yonke inkqubo ye-PV.

Ndidla ngokufaka ii-surge arresters kwiindawo ezintathu: kufutshane ne-PV array, ngaphakathi kweebhokisi ze-combiner, nakwii-inverter terminals. Le ndlela ineeleya inciphisa i-residual voltage kwinqanaba ngalinye.

Nantsi isalathiso esilula sokubekwa endisisebenzisayo:

Le ndlela iphucula ukuthembeka kwenkqubo kwaye inciphisa izinto ezingalindelekanga zokugcinwa kwezinto, ezixatyiswa ngabaphathi bokuthenga.

Izibambisi zezibane ze-AC kunye neZigaba eZithathu

Andikaze ndiyityeshele icala le-AC leenkqubo zelanga.

Izithinteli zombane ezinamanqanaba amathathu zikhusela iinkqubo zamandla zoshishino kwimibane kunye nokunyuka okuvela kwigridi.

Kwiinkqubo zezigaba ezintathu, amandla okushukuma anokuhamba ngokungalinganiyo kuzo zonke izigaba. Ndikhetha uyilo olulinganiselweyo lwezigaba ezintathu zokushukuma olukhusela bonke abaqhubi ngokulinganayo. Uqwalaselo lwezibonda ezimbini luqhelekile kwiinkqubo ezilula, kodwa ukusetyenziswa kwemizi-mveliso kudla ngokufuna ukhuseleko olupheleleyo nolungathathi cala.

Le yindlela eqhelekileyo yokukhusela ukuxinana kwamandla kwiifektri apho ukulinganisela umthwalo kunye nexesha lokusebenza kubalulekile.

Izinto zokuthintela ukunyuka okusekelwe kwi-MOV kunye noyilo lweeModular

Ndixhomekeke kakhulu kubuchwepheshe be-MOV kwiindlela zanamhlanje zoyilo.

Izithinteli zokunyuka ezisekelwe kwi-MOV ziphendula ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kwaye zibambe i-voltage ngokufanelekileyo ngexesha leziganeko zexeshana.

Izithinteli zombane ze-MOV zisebenzisa ii-varistor ze-metal oxide ezitshintsha ukumelana ngoko nangoko xa i-voltage inyuka. Uyilo lwe-modular lwenza kube lula ukutshintshwa emva kokubonakaliswa kokuphela kobomi, nto leyo enciphisa ixesha lokulungisa.

Ngokwamava am, ii-modular MOV surge arresters zibonelela ngomxube ongcono kakhulu wokusebenza kunye nenkonzo kwizicelo ze-SPD zemizi-mveliso.

Izithinteli ze-SPD zokukhusela umbane

Ndibona amagama e-SPD kunye ne-surge arrester esetyenziswa ngokutshintshana, kodwa umxholo ubalulekile.

Isixhobo sokumisa umbane se-SPD sidibanisa impendulo ekhawulezayo kunye nokuphathwa kwamandla aphezulu ukukhusela umbane kwiinkqubo zombane nezelanga.

Xa kuthelekiswa nezixhobo zokuthintela umbane zemveli, ii-SPD zanamhlanje zincinci, zi-modular, kwaye kulula ukuzidibanisa. Ndizifaka kufutshane nezixhobo ezikhuselweyo ukuze ndinciphise ubude be-lead kunye ne-residual voltage.

Ukukhetha i-Surge Arrester efanelekileyo kwisicelo sakho

Ndisoloko ndikhetha ngokusekelwe kumngcipheko, kungekhona ixabiso lodwa.

Ukukhetha isixhobo sokumisa umbane esifanelekileyo kuxhomekeke kukukhanya kombane, i-voltage yenkqubo, i-grounding, kunye nenqanaba lokhuseleko elifunekayo.

Kwiindawo ezinobungozi obukhulu, ndicebisa izixhobo zokuthintela ukuxhaphaka kohlobo 1. Kwiiprojekthi ezininzi zelanga nezezorhwebo, izixhobo zohlobo 2 ezidibeneyo zibonelela ngokhuseleko oluthembekileyo ngexabiso eliphantsi lokuba ngumnini. Le ndlela ihambelana kakuhle nobudlelwane bexesha elide nabathengisi.

Isiphelo

Tyala imali kwilungelo Isixhobo sokukhusela ukugquma kunye necebo lokuthintela ukungxama namhlanje ukukhusela inkqubo yakho, ishedyuli yakho, kunye nexabiso leshishini lakho lexesha elide.

FAQ

Q1: Ngaba izinto ezithintela utyando kunye nee-SPD ziyafana?

Ziyadibana, kodwa izinto ezithintela ukuvuza kwe-surge zenzelwe iziganeko zombane ezinamandla aphezulu.

Umbuzo 2: Ngaba iinkqubo zelanga zifuna zombini izixhobo zokuthintela ukuqhuma kwe-AC kunye ne-DC?

Ewe. Omabini amacala ajongene neengozi ezahlukeneyo zokunyukela phezulu.

Umbuzo 3: Kufuneka zifakwe phi ii-DC surge arresters?

Kwii-PV arrays, kwiibhokisi zokudibanisa, nakwii-inverter inputs.

Q4: Zihlala ixesha elingakanani ii-MOV surge arresters?

Ziyawohloka ngokunyuka ngakunye kwaye kufuneka zitshintshwe xa kufikwa esiphelweni sobomi.

Umbuzo 5: Ngaba uhlobo lwesibini lwanele kwiiprojekthi ezininzi zelanga?

Ewe, ngaphandle kokuba umbane ubonakala ngqo uphezulu kakhulu.